{"product_id":"nervous-system","title":"Nervous System","description":"\u003ch5 style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePlease allow 16 working days to process before shipping\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003ch5 style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e6.5oz Garment Dyed - Purple Short Sleeve\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/span\u003eMade in USA - 100% USA Cotton\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003ch5 style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(255, 86, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cimg height=\"90\" width=\"357\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0642\/1590\/8412\/files\/sizechart.png?v=1746031678\"\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003eNT Issue 2 correspondence: p. 1 Frontispiece, \"Born to Organize\", p. 30–35, \"Born to Make Meaning\", p. 48-53\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0642\/1590\/8412\/files\/Screen_Shot_2026-09-17_at_11.41.29_AM.jpg?v=1789663309\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFrancisco Varela on the nervous system:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ciframe width=\"560\" height=\"315\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Ll6yz6sj3go?si=uvcxDa5ZMP7Wp-UQ\" title=\"YouTube video player\"\u003e\u003c\/iframe\u003e \u003cbr\u003eVarela:\u003cbr\u003eThe key element is the fact that the body of all animals, including human beings, is organised in a loop of sensorimotor coupling. In other words, everything we do always happens in a cycle of perception and action, and this circular loop of perception and action is the fundamental core, or the logic, of the nervous system.\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0642\/1590\/8412\/files\/Screen_Shot_2026-09-16_at_10.07.56_PM.png?v=1789614627\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFrom the origin of neural life, that is, from basic animal life such as sponges, to vertebrates such as human beings, with a very complex brain. But the logic of the nervous system is common to all animals: it’s this sensorimotor loop.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis loop is the coupling. It is by way of this loop that we couple with what we call the environment.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"page\" title=\"Page 30\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"layoutArea\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"column\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eIn this coupling, and from this circular logic, what emerges is all the complexity of the world. The history, the phylogenesis, the story of life, it is but one thing: it is variations, as jazz musicians would call it, variations on this fundamental theme. And inside this sensorimotor loop, there are different elements, there is a tinkering of neuronal structures.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"page\" title=\"Page 32\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"layoutArea\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"column\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThe nervous system will always, always, always invent a world.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSensory-Motor Loop:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0642\/1590\/8412\/files\/Screen_Shot_2026-09-16_at_10.07.20_PM.png?v=1789614797\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"page\" title=\"Page 32\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"layoutArea\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"column\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThere are 3 stellar moments in the history of knowledge. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003esensorimotor loop which allows the emergence of meaning. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"page\" title=\"Page 32\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"layoutArea\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"column\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003ethe structural modification of the system, this capacity for historical plasticity.\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e3.   the invention of language \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e \u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0642\/1590\/8412\/files\/Screen_Shot_2026-09-16_at_10.09.00_PM.png?v=1789615528\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"page\" title=\"Page 33\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"layoutArea\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"column\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eWhy is language important? Because not only is there \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003ecoupling with the world, but there is also coupling between the individuals of the species for the coordination of action. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e \u003cstrong\u003eSensory-Motor Loop + Language between Others:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0642\/1590\/8412\/files\/Screen_Shot_2026-09-16_at_10.08.18_PM.png?v=1789614790\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThere is much to learn from the way the brain is organized. It is both a generalist and a specialist. It both controls and executes. At the same time it plans, pilots, regulates, evaluates, emits hypotheses, imagines and invents.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThe secret of our brain is mainly its enormous capacity for connectivity. It is precisely this surplus of labor that will allow it to function probabilistically and thereby escape the determinism into which it risks forcing itself, precisely because of a lack of flexibility.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eIt’s the fact that, embedded in this history of the nervous system, there is really a desire to stabilize the world, \u003cstrong\u003ea passion for constituting meaning.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0642\/1590\/8412\/files\/Screen_Shot_2026-09-16_at_10.09.29_PM.png?v=1789615726\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThe workings of the nervous system give us an example of a behavior which prefers:\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eINITIATIVE OVER PASSIVITY\u003cbr\u003eOPENNESS OVER NARROWNESS OF MIND-\u003cbr\u003eCOLLABORATION OVER COMPETITION\u003cbr\u003eFLEXIBILITY OVER RIGIDITY\u003cbr\u003eAUTONOMY OVER DEPENDENCE\u003cbr\u003eCRITICAL THINKING OVER BELIEF IN AUTHORITY\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThus, think that we have a very important message for the youth, that it is important for them to realize that the fluidity of the world will not get resolved by trying and fixating it, but by trying and getting the most out of the flexibility that we are given.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0642\/1590\/8412\/files\/Screen_Shot_2026-09-16_at_10.32.16_PM.png?v=1789615968\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eWe have said that in regards to key concepts or key words we must modify our current language and replace \"obtaining information\" with \"coupling\", and coupling which is in most cases it should involve a coupling that is active, participative.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eSecondly, \"information processing\" should be replaced with \"making meaning emerge\", \"creating meaning\". And thirdly, instead of thinking of acquiring a domain of information, it is rather a matter of finding path of learning or a path of transformation.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThat, it seems, is one of the greatest problems that we must certainly overcome in the future. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWe must replace this culture of information, which is associated with a certain mode of command or control, with a culture of autonomy of the individual. \u003c\/strong\u003eWell, not only of the individual, \u003cstrong\u003ebut also of the social group.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003ciframe width=\"560\" height=\"315\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/xy4tYYyWcY4?si=kTIBAMlDnLC4hDMn\" title=\"YouTube video player\"\u003e\u003c\/iframe\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMallarmé\u003c\/strong\u003e, in THE BOOK: A SPIRITUAL INSTRUMENT (NT Motto):\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch1\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEach of us has within them that lightning-like initiative which can link the scattered notes together\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSantiago Ramón y Cajal:\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0642\/1590\/8412\/files\/Screen_Shot_2026-09-12_at_4.30.27_PM.jpg?v=1789612951\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCajal made discoveries that turned contemporary views on the structure and function of the nervous system upside down. Most researchers of the day held that the nervous system was made up of a continuous network of cells. Cajal proposed that \u003cstrong\u003eeach cell was a separate, independent entity\u003c\/strong\u003e ending in so-called synapses, where nerve impulses were transferred from one cell to another.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0642\/1590\/8412\/files\/Screen_Shot_2026-09-05_at_3.59.44_PM.jpg?v=1789613813\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUnable to find any scientific journal willing to publish his findings Cajal founded a journal of his own. Though by no means rich (and, besides, a father of six), he used his own money to publish it and mailed sixty copies of each issue to anatomists around the world. His most revolutionary finding was the utter lack of evidence for either axons or dendrites fusing and forming networks like those described by Golgi. He observed that, on the contrary, it seemed neurons did not need to touch to communicate. They only had to be contiguous for signals to be transmitted from one to the other. (The term “synapse”, used to describe the structure that permits a neuron to pass on its signal, would not be coined, by Charles Sherrington, until 1897.) \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/publicdomainreview.org\/collection\/illustrations-of-the-nervous-system-golgi-and-cajal\/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e*\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0642\/1590\/8412\/files\/Drawing_03.jpg?v=1789612953\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eSantiago Ramón y Cajal started investigating nervous system in 1887 using Golgi stain. In the first issue of the Revista Trimestral de Histología Normal y Patológica\u0026amp;nbsp;(May, 1888) Ramón y Cajal reported that the nerve cells were not continuous in the brain of birds. Ramón y Cajal's discovery was the decisive evidence for the discontinuity of nervous system and the presence of large number of individual nerve cells. Golgi refused to accept the neuron theory and hung on to the reticular theory. Golgi and Ramón y Cajal were jointly awarded the 1906 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine, but the controversy between the two scientists continued. The matter was finally resolved in the 1950s with the development of electron microscopy by which it was unambiguously demonstrated that nerve cells were individual cells interconnected through synapses to form a nervous system, thereby validating the neuron theory.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0642\/1590\/8412\/files\/Screen_Shot_2026-09-16_at_10.04.09_PM.png?v=1789614278\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn his 1894 Croonian Lecture, Ramón y Cajal suggested (in an extended metaphor) that cortical pyramidal cells may become more elaborate with time, as a tree grows and extends its branches.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0642\/1590\/8412\/files\/Screen_Shot_2026-09-16_at_9.48.04_PM.png?v=1789613302\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0642\/1590\/8412\/files\/Screen_Shot_2026-09-05_at_10.33.46_AM.png?v=1789613939\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eF. Kiesler: \"IMPORTANT IS IT'S RELATIONSHIP TO THE ENVIRONMENT\" \u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0642\/1590\/8412\/files\/Screen_Shot_2026-09-16_at_9.35.31_PM.png?v=1789612566\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e \u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0642\/1590\/8412\/files\/Screen_Shot_2026-09-16_at_9.53.57_PM.png?v=1789613978\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"p-lang-btn\" class=\"vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cul style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Now-Time","offers":[{"title":"S","offer_id":46134547218492,"sku":"Linking-S","price":40.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"M","offer_id":46134547251260,"sku":"Linking-M","price":40.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"L","offer_id":46134547284028,"sku":"Linking-L","price":40.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"XL","offer_id":46134547316796,"sku":"Linking-XL","price":40.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"XXL","offer_id":46134547349564,"sku":"Linking-XXL","price":40.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0642\/1590\/8412\/files\/Linking.gif?v=1789591808","url":"https:\/\/now-time.biz\/products\/nervous-system","provider":"Now-Time","version":"1.0","type":"link"}